Semiconductor Quantum dots (QDs) are fluorescent nanoparticles with unique electrical and optical properties that make them suitable for fluorescent probing applications to detect cancer. QDs used as multiple cancer biomarkers in vitro and in vivo in cells/ tissues/ whole body via drug delivery vesicles which allow the simultaneous treatment of the cancer cell. QDs are made from tiny bits of semiconductor materials and glow with different lights under UV/LASER light depending on their shape and size. Their coatings allow them to hone in on tumors, zoom down and go to the molecular level for imaging and treatment. QDs track individual cells, movement of proteins inside the cells as well as number and type of molecules over or under expressed. This generates a ââ?¬Å?Virtual Biopsyââ?¬Â of the inner circuitry of cells allowing on-the-spot patient specific treatment. However the fact that the body does not know of a suitable mechanism to metabolize the toxic semiconductor metals, limits their clinical use. QDs can thus provide new testing grounds for cancer drug therapies and novel drug delivery systems provided the biocompatibility issues involved are resolved. They definitely possess the potential to transform traditional monochrome cancer imaging techniques for improved diagnosis, treatment and patient care.
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